Yes, this is certainly possible - effectively this is exactly how SCORM functions, though in a more roundabout matter and with far more functionality than just registering completion: for example SCORM provides a mechanism that allows courses to store the internal tracking state of the course (known as 'suspend data') to allow the user to quit the course at any point and resume later at the point they left off.

These lines in the spoor extension show the underlying logic of determining and recording completion.